2022年 · 第38卷第09期

Hemorrhage is always one of the key problems related to the quality of cardiac macrovascular surgery. In recent years, with the advanced age, the increase of patients undergoing multiple surgeries, the application of new antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs, the blurring of the boundaries between cardiovascular surgery and the increase of postoperative antithrombotic therapy, all bring new challenges to cardiac surgery hemostasis. Many guidelines or consensus on hemostasis in cardiovascular surgery published at home and abroad show that hemostasis in cardiovascular surgery has become a comprehensive measure that integrates surgical operation, anesthesiology, blood management in internal medicine, and application of new technologies and materials^{[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]}。 Among them, local hemostatic material is one of the new techniques and new materials used in intraoperative hemostasis, which has been widely used in various surgical fields^{[9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]}。 However, due to the lack of use specifications in the field of cardiovascular surgery, there are two extreme trends of overuse and blind ban of hemostatic materials. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce relevant expert consensus to guide the rational use of hemostatic materials in the field of cardiac macrovascular surgery.

Since the invention of cardiopulmonary bypass in 1950s, as one of the necessary means of cardiac surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass technology has achieved rapid development. With the efforts of the predecessors in thoracic and cardiac surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass was quickly introduced into our country. Due to historical reasons, the development was stagnant for a time. Since the 1980s, extracorporeal circulation has changed with each passing day as well as the overall development of China. The current COVID-19 epidemic has a great impact. As of 2020, the annual number of cardiovascular surgery cases in China still exceeds 220,000, of which the total number of operations under cardiopulmonary bypass is 150,132^[1]。