2024年 · 第54卷第03期

Since the late Qing Dynasty, the introduction, development and evolution of Western medical knowledge and techniques in China not only directly contributed to the pattern of division between Chinese and Western medicine, but also had a profound influence on the social culture of modern China. As for the understanding of "medical knowledge and skills", physicians and historians have made a lot of explanations respectively, and the study of "medical history", which is the same goal by different routes, closely combines the two. The history of medicine is a science that studies the history of medical development and its laws. It takes the development and evolution of medicine as the research object, not only explores the development characteristics and changes of medicine itself, but also investigates medicine in the social environment of politics, economy and culture, and explores the relationship and influence between medical development and different social and cultural backgrounds. Medical history is an interdisciplinary subject between medicine and historiography, which has the dual attributes of natural science and social science... It can be generally divided into two categories: comprehensive history and specialized history^［1］。 The history of medicine began as a tiny, isolated garden, completely irrigated and cultivated by doctors for their own purposes. It was only in the twentieth century, particularly in the late twentieth century, that the subject attracted the interest of other types of historians who brought the specialized genre into the broader field of social history research. At the same time, they also introduced all aspects of social history into the study of medical history, to the extent that we often call it today "the history of medicine and health."^［2］。 However, the basic concern of the researchers of social history of disease medical treatment is not the disease and medicine itself, but hopes to gain the dimension and depth of historical research through the angle of disease medical treatment, so as to reflect, explain and interpret the social and cultural situation and its changes in history^［3］。

Professor Fu Weikang, born in 1930 in the home of western doctors in Changting County, Fujian Province, graduated from the Medical Department of Shanghai First Medical College in 1957. He has served as a physician in Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital, a professor in Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the director of the Medical History Museum and the director of the Medical History Teaching and Research Department of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Professor Fu Weikang has published a variety of books, such as the History of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in China, the History of Chinese Medicine, and Essays on Medical Culture. He has also edited a number of medical history works, such as "History of Chinese Medicine", "History of Acupuncture and Massage", "History of Traditional Chinese Medicine" and "Atlas of Cultural Relics of Chinese Medical History".