2016年 · 第46卷第06期

At the beginning of the 20th century, a large number of Xixia documents were unearthed in Ejina Banner (Heishuicheng site) in Inner Mongolia, Wuwei, Dunhuang and other places in Gansu, involving a wide range of documents such as codes, literature, divination, etc. A considerable part of them were Xixia medical documents, including medical prescriptions, materia medica, acupuncture and other special medical documents, as well as Xixia medical knowledge and information contained in dictionaries, divination documents, Buddhist classics and other documents. In addition, these Xixia texts contain veterinary works on the treatment of horse diseases. Medicine-related documents in Xixia are indispensable and important materials in the study of Chinese medicine history, involving many disciplines such as linguistics, ethnophilology, Chinese medicine philology, archaeology, ancient Chinese history, etc. These documents are mainly collected in Russia, Japan, Britain and China. Since 1999, "Documents of Black Water City in Russia and Tibet"^[1]British-Tibetan Blackwater City Documents^[2]Chinese Tibetan Xixia Literature^[3]Japanese Tibetan Xixia Literature^[4]The successive publication of Xixia medical literature makes it possible to study.

The phrase "Cui's theory of taking Ruan Henan and other prescriptions" comes from Danbo Yuanyin's note under the article "Cui's Zhiti Compilation Essential Prescriptions" in Volume 43 of Medical Records Examination: "However," Su Shen Neihan Liangfang "records 'Cui's Zengloss Lizhong Pill', which is called Cui Xinggong Prescription of the Western Jin Dynasty, so it is unknown which one is. After another examination of" Waitai ", it also records' Cui's benzoin prescription of asafoetida medicine to treat ghost qi and dispel evil', which is still determined as Zhiti Book according to" Old Records ".... To add or subtract Lizhong Pill, it is Cui's theory of taking Ruan Henan and other prescriptions". After examination, the author found that "adding or subtracting Li Zhong Wan is Cui's theory of taking Ruan Henan and other prescriptions" is not accurate.

From 1910 to 1911, the epidemic of pneumonic plague spread to five provinces (the three provinces, Zhili and Shandong) in four months, causing more than 60,000 lives and direct economic losses of 100,000 yuan. Fujiadian, Harbin, the center of the epidemic area, suffered particularly heavily, with 5,396 victims, accounting for more than 1/4 of the permanent population (18,000); There are also 3 104 deaths of plague in Changchun (Changchun Plague Control Institute. Data on the epidemic history of human plague in Northeast China. 1957:11.). This unprecedented plague promoted the awakening of public health awareness of Chinese people, and contributed to the establishment of epidemic prevention departments in the three northeastern provinces.

On August 15, 1945, Japanese Emperor Hirohito officially announced Japan's unconditional surrender and the end of World War II in the form of a broadcast of the Armistice Decree. From January 19, 1946 to November 12, 1948, the International Military Tribunal for the Far East led by the United States conducted an international trial of Japan's leading war criminals in World War II in Tokyo, Japan. However, the crimes of Japanese Unit 731, which conducted a large number of germ warfare and human experimental research in Northeast China, did not get the due trial. There are two main reasons: on the one hand, as early as 1925, countries all over the world, including Japan, signed the Geneva Agreement prohibiting germ warfare. In order to evade trial, the vast majority of members of Japan's 731 Unit, such as Ishii Shiro and Kitano Masaji, fled back to Japan on the eve of Japan's unconditional surrender and tried their best to cover up their experience in the 731 Unit; On the other hand, from August 1945 to November 1947, the U.S. military sent veterinary, biology and microbiology experts from Fort Detrick to Japan four times to investigate the bacteriological warfare research of Unit 731, secretly contacted more than 20 members of Unit 731, such as Ishii Shiro and Kitano Masaji, and reached secret deals, and agreed to the conditions of Japanese exemption from war crimes in order to obtain the research data of Unit 731. These materials obtained by the US military have been collected as confidential, and special reports on germ warfare and human experiments have even been formed, namely "A" report, "G" report and "Q" report. The report was originally kept at Fort Detrick, USA, and later transferred to the Dugway Proving Ground Research Center in Utah. It was lifted in 1978. The original report is now in the Library of Congress, and another copy is in Hall II of the National Archives of the United States.

From 2005 to 2008, the author Lee Hyun-sook lectured on "Medical History" in Medical University for four years. This course is a compulsory course for first-year undergraduate students. It focuses on teaching the history of Western medicine, and the last class will cover the content of modern Korean medical history. Although I always emphasize the significance of studying Western medical history to students in the course of class, I have the question "why don't I focus on studying Korean medical history in Korean medical universities" in my heart.