2026年 · 第42卷第04期

hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) refers to a type of cerebral hemorrhage that suddenly occurs in the brain parenchyma (basal ganglia, thalamus, ventricles, cerebellum and brainstem), primary (excluding vascular structural abnormalities, coagulation dysfunction, hematological diseases, systemic diseases and neoplastic diseases), non-traumatic, and has a clear history of hypertension^[1]。 HICH is one of the most serious complications of hypertension, accounting for 10% to 30% of stroke, and the 6-month mortality rate is as high as 30% to 50%^[2]It is one of the common emergencies in neurology and surgery. The treatment of HICH often requires the close cooperation of emergency department, neurosurgery, neurology, anesthesiology, critical care medicine and rehabilitation department; Critically ill patients often require supportive treatment from the Department of Critical Care Medicine.

Peripheral facial nerve paralysis (facial paralysis) is a common clinical disease, which is mainly manifested by facial weakness symptoms such as weakness of eyebrow lift, incomplete eye closure, shallow or even disappearance of nasolabial folds, bulging gills and air leakage, and drooping mouth corners^[1,2]。 Most patients can obtain a good prognosis, but some patients can't fully recover from facial nerve paralysis due to irregular, untimely treatment, and serious disease, and often develop symptoms such as facial muscle contracture, involuntary twitching, joint movement, small eye fission, difficulty in opening eyes, facial stiffness and tightness 3~6 months after the onset of the disease, and the above symptoms gradually aggravate with the prolongation of time, and the clinical diagnosis is a sequela of spastic facial paralysis^[3]。 Among them, joint movement is the main cause of facial discomfort^[4]。 Synchronous movement refers to the abnormal involuntary movement of another facial muscle caused by the voluntary movement of one facial muscle, which is mostly distributed around the eyes, cheeks and mouth. Among them, mouth-eye, eye-mouth synchronous movement is the most common type, and others include eye-chin, eye-nose, chin-mouth, chin-eye synchronous movement and other types^[5]。 Mild joint exercise will cause patients to eat, drink, brush teeth, gargle and other daily activities disorders, and severe joint exercise will also lead to abnormal facial appearance, so patients are unwilling to participate in any social activities, and even have social fear and severe depression^[6]。