2022年 · 第16卷第09期

Unhealthy diet is one of the main factors leading to the rapid increase of cardiovascular disease burden in China. Recently, Peking University took the lead, and many top academic institutions at home and abroad, such as Fudan University, Sun Yat-sen University, Sichuan University, Yangzhou University and Sichuan Tourism Culinary Institute, jointly developed the "Chinese Heart Healthy Diet" in line with the characteristics of Chinese food culture, and its antihypertensive effect was verified through strict randomized controlled clinical trials. The study was carried out in four research centers in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Chengdu, and a total of 265 community hypertensive patients were included. All the subjects first went through a 1-week introduction period and ate ordinary meals that were in line with local food culture. Subjects who successfully completed the run-in period were formally enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to the intervention group and the control group to receive the "Chinese Heart Healthy Meal" three meals a day or continue to receive the local common meal of the run-in period, respectively. The heating ratios of fat, protein and carbohydrate in the "Chinese Heart Healthy Diet" were 25% ~27%, 17% ~19% and 55% ~60%, respectively, and the contents of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and dietary fiber were 3,000 mg, 3,700 mg, 800~1,000 mg, 500 mg and 30 g per day, respectively. After 4 weeks of intervention, the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the subjects in the intervention group decreased by an average of 10.0 mm Hg and 3.8 mm Hg more than those in the control group. At the same time, the preference score of "Chinese Heart Healthy Diet" is equivalent to that of local ordinary diets, and the food cost per person per day only increases by 3.6 yuan, which has high popularizability. This research result supports the modern nutritional view that "food is good medicine" and the ancient Chinese wisdom that "medicine and food have the same origin", and provides a plan and confidence for hypertensive patients to control their blood pressure through healthy diet. Clinicians should advise patients with hypertension to adopt healthy eating patterns such as the "Chinese Heart Healthy Diet". China's catering service industry, especially those that provide meals for special groups such as old-age care institutions, should also refer to the "Chinese Heart Healthy Diet" recipe to provide healthy meals for the elderly.