2012年 · 第06卷第02期

Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor in the world. Its screening and early diagnosis are the key to reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer and improve the survival rate. Han Ying's article explores a screening mode that is not only simple, economical and operable, but also has good patient compliance, which is in line with China's current national conditions and medical system.

Colorectal (also known as large intestine) cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor in the world. With the rapid development of China's economy and the change of people's living habits, the incidence of colorectal cancer shows an obvious upward trend, and the survival rate of colorectal cancer patients is still hovering at a low level. The main reason is that 2/3 of the colorectal cancer patients who go to hospitals are middle and advanced patients. Through screening to detect precancerous disease or early cancer, effective interventional treatment can affect its natural course. Therefore, the screening and early diagnosis of colorectal cancer are the key to reduce the incidence of colorectal tumors and improve the survival rate^[1,2]。

The level of mental health is crucial for medical staff, especially those in psychiatry, and mental health tests can understand whether psychiatrists and nurses are adapted to future job requirements; On the other hand, it is to understand their personality and psychological characteristics, and then to understand the applicant's adaptability to the job position, and to predict the future job performance and job performance of employees^[1,2]。 It is well known that the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Test (MMPI) is the most widely used and frequent personality and clinical psychology test in the world today. Especially in the auxiliary diagnosis of mental illness such as schizophrenia and affective mental illness, it has an irreplaceable role. There are also many applications in other clinical departments. In recent 5 years, this scale has been applied to the assessment of mental health status of medical staff in our hospital. After several years of observation of the medical staff tested in our hospital, it was found that there were few serious psychological problems or mental illnesses in the hired staff. Their test results are now compared with the MMPI data of members of the control group to understand the differences between the two and provide scientific evidence for mental health management of psychiatric practitioners.

The elderly are a special group, with special psychology, high incidence rate, mostly chronic diseases, and many medical requirements. They are especially suitable for the community home-based medical care service mode. The home-based medical care center for the elderly is aimed at vulnerable groups who have difficulties in seeing a doctor, such as living allowance, empty nest, widows, and bed-staying. By establishing health records, it provides chronic disease intervention, on-site diagnosis and treatment of common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases, rehabilitation guidance, pre-hospital emergency self-help and mutual rescue guidance, health education, consultation, disease and life care guidance, psychological care and other communication methods to meet their spiritual needs and psychological comfort. The dietary structure of high sodium, low potassium, low calcium and low animal protein is the prominent problem that causes the harm of hypertension and stroke in China. The "three links" prevention and control measures of controlling the level of risk factors, early diagnosis and treatment and standardized management should be taken to improve the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension as the main purpose of hypertension prevention and control work in China. 128 cases of hypertensive patients under the jurisdiction of our hospital received home-based medical care for the elderly. The results of intervention for hypertensive patients are evaluated as follows:

At present, serum creatinine (Scr) is widely used as an index to evaluate renal function in health examination items, because of its convenient and rapid detection. However, because both nutritional status and muscle capacity can affect the production of endogenous creatinine, especially the muscle atrophy and weight loss of the elderly with aging, the accuracy of Scr in reflecting the renal function level of the elderly is questioned^[1]。 In order to investigate the application value of Scr in assessing renal function in the elderly physical examination, this study used the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated by the formula of CKD-EPI as a reference basis to study the sensitivity and specificity of Scr in assessing renal function, the change and regularity with aging and the correlation with renal function decline, aiming to provide theoretical basis for screening more ideal renal function detection indexes in the elderly physical examination items.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic stress-induced liver injury associated with insulin resistance (IR) and genetic susceptibility, including nonalcoholic simple fatty liver disease (NAFL), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and its associated cirrhosis. With the changes of people's lifestyle and diet structure, the incidence of NAFLD is increasing day by day, and it has become the second largest liver disease in China after viral hepatitis. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of 150 patients with NAFL through health education combined with dietary intervention.

The high work pressure of nurses is the consensus of many studies, and it is also one of the important reasons for nurses' mental sub-health, high turnover rate and staff shortage^[1]。 Some scholars believe that the feeling of work stress is related to individual personality traits. As one of the personality traits, emotional intelligence refers to the ability of individuals to adaptively perceive, understand, regulate and utilize their own and others' emotions. It can make individuals better adapt to the requirements of the environment, improve interpersonal relationships and promote cognitive activities, and directly affect people's cognitive background and cognitive style to solve social practice problems^[2]。 Nursing work is a "people-centered" service work, and there are a lot of emotional processing and emotional interaction content in the work procedure. How nurses' emotional intelligence affects work stress is the purpose of this study.

At present, postpartum depression (PPD) has become a major challenge for women worldwide. About 10% to 20% of new mothers will develop PPD worldwide^[1,2,3,4,5]。 After giving birth, they are not only unable to feel the joy of having a baby and the joy of being a mother, but are plagued by various depression or anxiety and physical discomfort, and only a few of them receive accurate diagnosis and effective treatment^[6,7]。 PPD mostly occurs around 4 weeks after delivery, but may also occur before delivery or more than 1 month after delivery^[4]And the risk of disease can persist up to one year postpartum^[3,6,8]。

Physical examination is divided into two categories: health examination and special physical examination. Health examination refers to the diagnosis and treatment behavior of physical examination of the subject through medical means and methods, understanding the health status of the subject, early detection of disease clues and health hazards; Special physical examination is the relevant physical condition standards formulated by relevant state departments or localities according to national policies and regulations. Relevant physical examinations are carried out on physical examiners through medical means and methods, and conclusions are made on whether their physical conditions are qualified or not, such as conscription, national civil servants, motor vehicle drivers, college entrance examination, occupational diseases and other physical examinations. No matter the health examination or the special physical examination, the quality of the physical examination must be ensured. Only by ensuring the quality of the physical examination can we be responsible for the subject and the entrusted physical examination department, and the physical examination can detect disease clues and health hazards early; Only by special physical examination can we select good talents and hold the body of talents.

According to the United Nations, the population of the country (or region) is considered to have entered a process of ageing if the proportion of people aged 60 and over exceeds 10 percent of the total population, or if the proportion of people aged 65 and over exceeds 7 percent of the total population^[1]。 Population aging has become a worldwide trend, and China's population aging is facing more severe challenges. According to the sixth census, China's population over the age of 60 is 180 million, accounting for 13.3% of the total population; Compared with the fifth census in 2000, this is an increase of 2.9 percentage points^[2]。 The aging population of our country is characterized by large scale, rapid growth, regional imbalance, inversion of urban and rural areas, more women than men, old age before getting rich and so on, which brings a heavy burden to our health system^[3]。 This paper mainly discusses some typical models of achieving international healthy aging, including constructing institutional guarantees and legislative support, implementing long-term care policies and improving age-friendly primary health care. Through the research on the realization mode of healthy aging, it can provide theoretical basis and guidance for policy formulation, and it is of reference significance for China to realize healthy aging and successfully cope with the challenge brought by the increase of elderly population in the transition period.

In recent years, the incidence of breast cancer has been increasing year by year^[1]。 The incidence rate in Tianjin increased from 19.10/100,000 in 1981 to 34.36/100,000 in 2000; In recent years, it has risen to 47.00/100,000, ranking first among urban female malignant tumors^[2]。 The prognosis of breast cancer mainly depends on the early stage of the disease, that is, the early cancer has less distant metastasis, and most of them have better curative effects after treatment; However, the efficacy of advanced cancer is mostly poor because of more distant metastasis. Therefore, the breast cancer survival rate is improved; The decisive factor to reduce its mortality rate is not entirely the improvement of treatment methods. The key lies in extensive screening of breast cancer, early detection and early treatment. This has been confirmed by the declining trend of breast cancer mortality in Europe and America in recent years^[3]。 This is an important strategy to prevent and treat breast cancer, which has been used for reference by all countries in the world.

Diabetes is one of the diseases that seriously endanger human health, and its incidence is increasing. The incidence of diabetes in my country is relatively high. The latest report shows that diabetic patients in my country account for about 9.7% of the population, and the number of prediabetic patients accounts for 15.5% of the total population, which is equivalent to 92.4 million people who are diabetic patients, and 148 million patients are in the pre-diabetic stage^[1]。 Diabetes is the third common disease in China after cardiovascular diseases and malignant tumors, which brings a heavy economic burden to society and families. Because it is a chronic incurable disease, its management plan needs to be long-term, effective, feasible and economical. Traditional diabetes management programs have proven unable to meet the need for long-term management of diabetic patients due to their lack of timely and timely medical intervention. With the development of IT technology, in recent years, South Korea first established U-health system based on IT technology, and on this basis, IT has been continuously improved, and related clinical studies have been done to confirm the effectiveness of Internet in health management of diabetic patients. There are more and more researches on the Internet in the management of diabetic patients in Europe and America. This paper briefly summarizes the Internet diabetes management systems such as U-health system and their related research and application prospects in China.

With the increasing demand for health maintenance and improvement, health management has emerged in the transformation of hospitals to new medical models. Health management is necessary for society, organizations and individuals. It plays a very important role in reducing the incidence of chronic diseases, saving medical expenses, improving the quality of life and quality of life, and creating a large number of "high-quality healthy people".

In the period of social change and transformation, social contradictions broke out concentrated, civil servants are under great work pressure, poor time rule, unexpected events are constant, and the pressure of official career is exhausted. The survey shows that the health literacy of civil servants in China is lower than their cultural literacy^[1]。 Caring for the physical and mental health of civil servants has been one of the important tasks of the Party and government departments in China, and the regular physical examination of civil servants has been guaranteed by the system. However, due to traditional habits, civil servants did not pay attention to the confidentiality and privacy protection system in the medical examination process. Therefore, physical examination institutions should take the initiative to pay attention to the confidentiality and privacy protection of civil servants' physical examination.

In recent years, with the continuous improvement of living standards, people's understanding of health examination has gradually deepened, and annual health examination has become a trend. People also have a certain understanding of many risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, fatty liver, hyperuricemia, etc.) found in physical examination, and can take some preventive measures, but they are not standardized and can't last, finally forming a phenomenon of "physical examination every year, similar physical examination results every year", which makes physical examination a form and loses the significance of physical examination. Therefore, it is very important to carry out health management and health promotion. To this end, we conducted a health management study on patients with fatty liver in health examination, which is now reported below.

Mobile physical examination or vehicle-mounted mobile physical examination (also known as out-of-home physical examination, home physical examination or mobile physical examination) is a physical examination method relative to physical examination in a medical institution. That is, the method by which medical institutions send physical examination teams to the door for physical examination.

In order to understand the farmers' participation in the new rural cooperative medical care, the degree of knowledge of the new rural cooperative medical care system and the degree of satisfaction with the related medical conditions, the investigation is conducted, so as to discuss the farmers' demand for the new rural cooperative medical care and the problems to be solved.

Diabetes has become a serious threat to human health after tumor and cardiovascular disease. Insulin is one of the important means to treat diabetes, which is effective, safe and necessary, and can improve the function of pancreatic islet β cells^[1]。 At present, in the process of using insulin to treat diabetes, the use of insulin pen is generally accepted by the majority of patients. Insulin pen is an injection tool that combines syringe and insulin into one, which is simple to operate and convenient to carry. Patients' mastery of insulin pen injection technology and related knowledge is related to whether the diabetes treatment plan can be executed and the execution effect^[2]This study investigated and analyzed the current situation of 50 diabetic patients using insulin pen by themselves, and put forward corresponding nursing intervention countermeasures according to the findings.