2017年 · 第33卷第07期

membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is a rare type of renal pathology, which can progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), accounting for 4% to 8% of childhood renal disease^[1,2]While idiopathic MPGN has a lower prevalence in childhood nephropathy^[3]。 This study aims to provide a clinical reference for the understanding of children's idiopathic MPGN by analyzing the clinical characteristics of children's idiopathic MPGN in our hospital from 2012 to 2016.

tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU syndrome) is a clinical syndrome with idiopathic acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) and ocular uveitis as typical manifestations, often accompanied by nonspecific signs of systemic inflammatory response. The first case of ATIN complicated with uveitis was reported around 1975^[1,2,3]In 1985, Vanhaesebrouck first proposed the concept of TINU syndrome^[4]In 2000, Mandeville et al. summarized the disease characteristics of 133 cases of TINU syndrome in the literature report and set the criteria for grading diagnosis^[5]。 So far, more than 300 cases have been reported worldwide, but the specific etiology and mechanism are still unclear. Immune disorders, heredity, infection and drugs may all lead to TINU syndrome. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, prognosis, treatment and etiology of TINU syndrome, so as to help the clinical diagnosis, treatment and basic research of TINU syndrome.

Most patients suffering from severe heart disease have cardiorenal comorbidity and interact with each other. In recent years, the concept of cardio-renal syndrome (CRS), which emphasizes the coexistence and interaction of cardiac function and renal impairment, has gradually gained attention. 2008 Ronco et al.^[1]The definition of CRS was proposed, and CRS was divided into five subtypes according to different clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of CRS, seeTable 1。