2015年 · 第31卷第09期

Central venous stenosis is a common complication in hemodialysis patients, which seriously affects the function of vascular access and quality of life of patients^[1]。 The main treatment for central venous stenosis is percutaneous transluminal therapy, including percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and percutaneous transluminal stenting (PTS). The clinical data of 12 patients with central venous stenosis treated by PTA or PTS in our hospital were summarized and analyzed in combination with relevant literatures.

C3 glomerulopathy refers to glomerular diseases whose onset is associated with abnormal complement activation, deposition and degradation, and characterized by prominent glomerular C3 fragment deposition and electron microscopic density deposition, including two subtypes of C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN) and density deposition disease (DDD)^[1,2]。 At present, there are few reports on C3 glomerulonephritis at home and abroad. A case of C3 glomerulonephritis diagnosed by us is reported below.

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 [nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) -like receptors family, pyrin domain containing 3, NLRP3] It is a representative member of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family (NLRs) in the innate immune system. After being stimulated and activated, it recruits apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) and cysteine-containing cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1 (caspase-1) precursor to form inflammasomes. The NLRP3 inflammasome was found to be involved in a variety of inflammatory response diseases and to be associated with a variety of kidney diseases. We present a review of the latest research.

The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is gradually increasing worldwide, and it has become one of the important diseases that threaten human health. Among them, chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a common complication of CKD patients, which is closely related to fracture, cardiovascular calcification, cardiovascular events and mortality in CKD patients. Recent studies have found that many bone proteins are associated with vascular calcification and adverse cardiovascular events in CKD patients, including osteoprotegerin (OPG), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP). sclerostin (SOST) is one of the important proteins in the process of bone remodeling. Recently, some scholars have found that SOST also plays an important role in CKD-MBD patients. This article will review the application of SOST in CKD-MBD.

acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common acute and critical disease in clinic. According to statistics, the incidence of AKI in the population is about 2100/million^[1]。 Regarding the incidence of AKI in hospitalized patients, the domestic and foreign reports are 3.19% ~11.60%^[2,3]However, about 10.8% to 67.0% of ICU patients had different degrees of AKI during treatment^[4,5], and often coexist with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The mortality rate of MODS patients with AKI is significantly increased, reaching 60% ~70%^[6,7]。 With the development of renal replacement therapy (RRT) technology and the increasing number of patients with severe AKI and MODS, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) has been widely used in clinical practice and has become the main renal replacement therapy in ICU. However, the therapeutic dose, mode selection and treatment timing of RRT are very controversial at present. This article will review the research progress of RRT treatment timing.