2020年 · 第36卷第08期

hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) refers to the sudden occurrence of cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage in the basal ganglia, thalamus, ventricles, cerebellum and brainstem in patients with a clear history of hypertension, and secondary cerebral hemorrhage caused by trauma, vascular structural abnormalities, coagulation dysfunction, hematological diseases, systemic diseases and neoplastic diseases is excluded. HICH has the characteristics of high morbidity, mortality, disability and recurrence. The prevention and treatment of HICH requires the cooperation of emergency department, imaging department, neurology department, neurosurgery department, critical care department and rehabilitation department. In 2015, the Neurosurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the Emergency Physician Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and the Stroke Screening and Prevention Engineering Committee of the National Health and Family Planning Commission organized domestic multidisciplinary experts to jointly formulate the "Chinese Multidisciplinary Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Spontaneous Cerebral Hemorrhage"^[1]It has played an important role in guiding and standardizing the diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) in China. In the past five years, with a large number of multidisciplinary research progress and the publication of new evidence-based medical evidence, according to China's basic national conditions, upgrading the consensus to guidelines will help domestic medical units at all levels to make better decisions in the process of clinical practice. This guide mainly introduces HICH, which is the most common and controversial in diagnosis and treatment of SICH in China^[2,3]and recommended with reference to the level of evidence of the 2015 American Heart Association/American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) SICH guidelines. Recommended levels: Grade I should be implemented, Grade IIA is appropriate for implementation, Grade IIB is considerable, and Grade III is unhelpful or harmful; Level of evidence: Grade A is multicenter or multiple randomized controlled trials, Grade B is single-center single-item randomized controlled trials or multiple non-randomized controlled trials, Grade C is expert opinion, case study.