2014年 · 第08卷第01期

Since the introduction of health management into China for more than 20 years, related industries have achieved vigorous development, but health management as a new discipline is in the ascendant. Peng Shifang and Sun Hong reviewed the development process of health management in China, discussed some existing problems at present, and made some exploratory plans for future discipline construction.

We have entered 2014 with great pride. 2014 is the first year of comprehensive deepening reform, guided by the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. It is the year for the people of the whole country to strive hard under the leadership of the Communist Party of China to realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and it will also be an even more glorious year. The new year should have new struggles and new gains. Nowadays, the construction of health management disciplines and institutions, and the construction and development of Chinese Journal of Health Management are facing rare development opportunities and challenges. The so-called opportunity is that the general environment is more conducive to the development of health management. In the comprehensive deepening of the reform of the country, the state has vigorously promoted the development of health service industry, incorporated health management and promotion into the overall pattern of health services, and will introduce a series of laws and regulations to support its rapid development. The reform of the national medical system will be deeper to provide a better environment and conditions for the development of health management, and the training of health management-related talents will also be included in the training sequence of the national medical system. All this will surely promote and promote the rapid development of health management disciplines and institutions and related industries. The so-called challenge mainly comes from the problems brought by its own development process, which is the unavoidable common problem in the development of every emerging discipline and industry, that is, the maturity of theory and the perfection of practice, and it has been verified and recognized by the service objects in practice. Health management is an emerging comprehensive discipline. At present, it is immature from theory to practice, and it is still in the initial stage of development. From the support of relevant policies to the construction of service models, technologies and products, and talent teams, the service quality and ability formed by it are not suitable, and cannot meet the increasing national health needs, which has become the main contradiction restricting the development of health management. Therefore, strengthening the theoretical research and innovation of health management, strengthening the construction of health management discipline, integrating and innovating the appropriate technologies and products of health management, constructing the medical service mode of health management, and cultivating the talents of health management in service practice are the important tasks of health management development in the new era. Seize the opportunity to research and innovate around the main issues, and health management will surely develop better and faster.

Riding on the reform of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third Plenary Session of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Health Management Branch of Chinese Medical Association (referred to as the branch) and the Chinese Journal of Health Management (referred to as the magazine) ushered in their seventh year. Just like two twin sisters, from their birth to today, with the support and care of the leaders of Chinese Medical Association and Chinese Medical Journal, the joint efforts and care of all members of the Health Management Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the editorial board and editors of Chinese Health Management Journal, and the active participation and care of the majority of health management practitioners and readers all over the country, although the seven-year growth experience is bumpy, the academic and disciplinary development achievements are obvious to all, which has a huge and far-reaching impact on the development of China's health science and technology and health service industry.

Since the introduction of health management into China for more than 20 years, related industries have achieved vigorous development, but health management as a new discipline is in the ascendant. This paper discusses the development course of health management in China, aiming at some existing problems at present, and makes some exploratory plans for the future discipline construction.

In recent years, the incidence of colorectal cancer in China has gradually increased, especially in the population of large cities^[1]。 fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is the most widely used screening method^[2]。 However, the sensitivity of FOBT screening is limited. Even with the new immuno fecal occult blood test (IFOBT), 20% to 40% of colorectal cancers and 50% to 70% of advanced adenomas may be missed in a single screening^[3]。 Therefore, at present, the method of continuous 3-day fecal occult blood test is mostly recommended for colorectal tumor screening at home and abroad^[4]It is desirable to improve screening sensitivity. Three consecutive IFOBT tests were carried out in 323 known cases to investigate the efficiency of IFOBT screening times and positive times in detecting intestinal lesions. The report is as follows:

Hypertension is a lifelong disease and an important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The harm caused by hypertension has become an important public health problem affecting people's health^[1]。 A lot of studies have been conducted at home and abroad on how to control hypertension in the population^[2,3,4]It is agreed that reasonable intervention for hypertensive people can reduce the incidence, mortality and disability of hypertension. Statistical analysis of 17 076 physical examiners in the second half of 2010 in the Health Management Center of our hospital, including 2202 cases with increased blood pressure, selected 386 confirmed hypertensive patients to establish health records, and carried out 2 years of health management, and achieved good results. The report is as follows.

Prehypertension was first proposed by the 7th report (JNC7) of the Joint Committee on the Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension in the United States^[1]。 The JNC7 guidelines advocate that all prehypertensive people should have the necessary behavioral interventions. In China's revised guidelines for the prevention and treatment of hypertension in 2010, prehypertension was defined as "normal high value"^[2]That is, the systolic blood pressure is 120~139 mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) and/or the diastolic blood pressure is 80~90 mmHg. It is pointed out that people with blood pressure at this level should improve their lifestyle and prevent hypertension. The epidemiological survey results in China show that the prevalence of prehypertension is 38.9% ~41.3%, but there are few reports of effective intervention studies. Therefore, this study explored the prevention and treatment effect of community health intervention on prehypertensive people, which is reported as follows.

Health management refers to the whole process of monitoring, analyzing and evaluating the health status and risk factors of individuals or groups, providing health consultation and guidance, and intervening on health risk factors^[1]It helps people establish correct health concepts and good living habits, and improve their health level^[2]。 At the end of the 20th century, health management quietly arose and developed rapidly in China, and achieved remarkable results^[3]To a certain extent, it standardizes community health management services^[4]。 The awareness of health maintenance is directly related to their understanding of physical health and mental health, and to the cultivation of their interest in fitness^[5]And the maintenance of the combat effectiveness of troops. At present, China has not established a standardized health management service mode that is compatible with China's national conditions, and there are few studies on health management of troops. The purpose of this study is to explore the health management model suitable for the troops.

In recent years, a large number of studies have confirmed that high homocysteine level is highly correlated with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, peripheral vascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, etc. Homocysteine (HCY) has become a risk factor and predictor of cardiovascular diseases and peripheral vascular diseases^[1]。 When homocysteine is elevated in human plasma, it can lead to atherosclerosis in patients, which is an independent risk factor^[2]。 The purpose of this study was to observe the changes of blood pressure, blood lipid, fasting blood glucose and plasma homocysteine levels in 199 subjects before and after health education and dietary guidance, so as to provide data and scientific data for nutritional intervention of hyperhomocysteinemia. The report is as follows:

Health management, as a new discipline and industry, is the practical application before the theoretical research. Health management is not only a concept, but also a method. It is also a set of perfect and thorough service procedures. Its purpose is to mobilize the enthusiasm of individuals and groups and the whole society, and effectively use limited resources to achieve the maximum health effect.

In developed countries such as Europe and America, occupational health management has experienced more than 20 years of practice, and has become an important part of the national medical service system. The study shows that the average life expectancy in the United States has increased by 30 years in the last 100 years, with health services contributing five years, while public health and prevention contributed 25 years. It can be seen that changing the behavior of society and individuals contributes the most to maintaining and improving health. Guided by scientific information, mortality from cardiovascular disease in the United States decreased by 58 percent from 1972 to 2000.

Coronary heart disease is the first killer of human health, and its main pathogenesis is coronary atherosclerosis, because it has the same pathological basis and risk factors as carotid atherosclerosis. Therefore, carotid artery, as a "substitute endpoint" in large-scale clinical trials of cardiovascular diseases, has become a "window" to reflect systemic atherosclerotic lesions, which can indirectly reflect the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases^[1,2,3,4]。 At present, this study is more in patients with cardiovascular diseases, but there are few reports on healthy physical examinations. In order to understand the correlation between carotid atheromatous plaque and coronary artery stenosis in healthy physical examination people and to explore the predictive value of cardiovascular diseases, we conducted a statistical analysis of 1147 patients who participated in health physical examination in our physical examination center from 2011 to 2012. The results are reported as follows.

The second working meeting of the second editorial board of Chinese Journal of Health Management was successfully held in Wuhan Science and Technology Convention and Exhibition Center on September 28th, 2013. Editor-in-chief Bai Shuzhong, editor-in-chief Jiang Yongmao, president and editor-in-chief of Chinese Medical Association Magazine, deputy editors-in-chief Cai Lifeng, Li Jing, Ma Xin, Wang Peiyu, Wu Liuxin, Zeng Qiang and Zhu Hong, and more than 40 editorial members from all over the country attended the meeting.