2015年 · 第35卷第03期

Brachytherapy has the advantage of rapid attenuation of high and marginal doses locally. In view of the complex anatomical structure and important physiological functions of the head and neck, it is an ideal choice to keep the physiological functions of organs as much as possible while controlling the primary tumor. Continuous low-dose irradiation has accumulated much experience in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck^[1]。 Brachytherapy can not only increase the local irradiation dose of tumor, but also prove that under the same irradiation dose,¹²⁵I particle continuous low dose rate irradiation has stronger anti-tumor effect than single high dose rate irradiation and fractional high dose rate irradiation.

Polyisoprenyl benzophenone (garcinol) is a compound derived from the peel of indica fruit of Garcinia cambogia. It has anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-aging effects^[1]It can inhibit the growth of a variety of tumors including prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, etc^[2,3,4]。 In addition, garcinol is also a natural histone acetltransferase (HAT) inhibitor, which can effectively inhibit the activity of HAT family members p300/CBP and PCAF (p300/CBP related factors), and has the potential to increase the radiosensitivity of tumor cells and inhibit tumor proliferation^[5]。 2012 Japanese scholar Olike et al.^[6]Studies have shown that garcinol has a certain radiosensitizing effect on cervical cancer HeLa cells and lung cancer A549 cells. In this study, the hypoxic model of cervical cancer HeLa cells was established in vitro, and the effect of garcinol on the radiosensitivity of hypoxic HeLa cells was studied. By detecting the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1 α) in mRNA and protein levels, the mechanism of its effect on the radiosensitivity of hypoxic HeLa cells was preliminarily explored, which provided new ideas for the clinical treatment of cervical cancer.

Radiotherapy or combined chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Radiation-induced oral mucositis occurred in 80% to 100% of patients receiving radiotherapy^[1]。 Radiation damages oral mucosa, causing oral mucosal congestion, edema, erosion, ulcer, etc., which seriously affects the quality of life of patients, and then affects the implementation and completion of radiotherapy. Higher radiation doses show better clinical efficacy^[2]Preventing the occurrence and development of stomatitis and improving patients' tolerance to high-dose radiation are crucial for the therapeutic efficacy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In this study, the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced oral mucositis with modified Liangge Powder achieved good results, which are reported as follows.

With the rapid development of economy, occupational disease has become the main factor that affects the health of workers and causes them to lose their ability to work prematurely. Doing a good job in the prevention and control of occupational diseases can achieve less investment, more output and high benefits, and effectively avoid economic losses caused by occupational hazards^[1]。 Providing good occupational health technical services is the fundamental guarantee for preventing and controlling occupational diseases^[2]。 With the increasing number of radiological workers in China, the occupational hazards of radioactivity are still serious, which requires the services of radiological health technical service institutions^[3]。 In order to understand the present situation and existing problems of radiation health technical service institutions in Jilin Province, this study investigated 29 radiation health technical service institutions in order to provide reference basis for optimizing the construction of radiation health technical service institutions.

With the development of market-oriented economy, people's demand for health and aesthetics is increasing, the number of individual dental medical institutions is increasing, and there are more and more medical X-ray dental films and radiation workers. Every year, 480 million people worldwide receive dental radiology (also known as oral and maxillofacial radiology) examinations, accounting for 13.0% of all medical diagnostic radiology examinations^[1]。 For China, which has a quarter of the world's population, there are only two dental X-ray devices per million people^[1]Dental radiology only accounted for 0.93% of all medical diagnostic radiology examinations^[2]。 It can be seen that there is still a lot of room for the application and development of dental photography in China at present. At the same time, it is very important to strengthen the radiation protection of dental photography, and it is still facing severe challenges. In order to understand the current situation of radiation protection of dental cameras in dental clinics in Xi 'an, from June 2013 to January 2014, our center conducted an investigation on the current situation of radiation protection of dental cameras in 40 dental clinics in Xi' an city, and measured the radiation level in the places. Now, the relevant investigation and test results are reported.

The diagnosis and treatment plan design of liver cancer patients mainly rely on imaging, especially CT examination results, which greatly increases the radiation damage of patients while diagnosing the disease. At present, there is a lack of statistical research on the cumulative dose caused by multiple CT scans of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to statistically analyze the annual cumulative number of scans and cumulative dose of patients to guide the rationality of clinical CT scan billing.

Acute radiation mucositis refers to acute mucosal injury that occurs in the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, esophagus and gastrointestinal tract during tumor radiotherapy. The main clinical symptoms are dysphagia and pain, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea. The study found that the incidence of oral mucositis in patients with radiotherapy for head and neck tumors was 91%, and the incidence of patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy was as high as 100%^[1,2]。 Acute radiation mucositis not only affects the nutritional intake of patients and significantly reduces the quality of life, but also severe mucositis often restricts the dose of radiotherapy to further increase, resulting in the reduction of local tumor control rate and affecting the prognosis of patients. Therefore, radiation mucositis has attracted more and more attention of experts at home and abroad. However, there are few high-quality studies and literatures on the treatment of radiation mucositis in China, lack of evidence-based medical evidence, and the treatment is very subjective. Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) /International Society of Oral Oncology (ISOO) Based on a large number of clinical trials, the clinical practice guidelines for mucositis were developed from the perspective of evidence-based medicine, and the third guidelines were updated in the journal Cancer in May 2014^[3]。 Although some progress has been made in the treatment of acute radiation mucositis, there is still a lack of ideal treatment options. In this paper, the literature on the treatment of acute radiation mucositis is briefly reviewed.

Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological malignant tumor in Chinese women, which seriously threatens women's lives and health. The annual incidence in China is about 100,000 to 150,000 people. Radiotherapy is not only Ⅱ_bThe first choice treatment for advanced cervical cancer above stage, and it is also an important adjuvant treatment for cervical cancer with poor prognostic factors after surgery. In recent years, intensity modulated radiotherapy has been increasingly used in the treatment of cervical cancer. Compared with conventional two-dimensional radiotherapy and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, it has better conformability and ideal dose distribution, and significantly reduces the adverse reactions of gastrointestinal tract and blood system. However, while intensity modulated radiotherapy reduces adverse reactions, the efficacy of the treatment requires a large sample of long-term survival controlled studies, which are rarely reported so far. Some scholars believe that in the treatment of cervical cancer, the physiological movement amplitude of organs is large, the tumor retreats quickly, and the displacement and positioning error of the target area and adjacent organs are large, which may lead to a large change in the actual exposure dose. Therefore, it is suggested that intensity modulated radiotherapy should be used cautiously in the treatment of cervical cancer^[1]。 adaptive radiotherapy (ART) is a new technology developed on the basis of intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Its purpose is to improve the accuracy of tumor radiotherapy, realize high-dose irradiation of tumor target area, and minimize the possibility of high-dose irradiation of surrounding normal tissues, so as to give full play to the advantages of intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

Studies have found that ionizing radiation can cause the body's inflammatory factor IL-1 β to rise, resulting in oxidative stress, which directly affects people's health. IL-1 β is the central mediator of inflammatory response. Studies have shown that the secretion of IL-1 β is related to the NLRP3 (Nod-likereceptor protein 3 inflammasome) inflammatory complex in inflammatory cells. Once activated by danger signals, this complex will cleave proIL-1 β and convert it into mature cytokine IL-1 β. Currently little is known about the regulatory mechanism of the NLRP3 inflammatory complex, and the established mechanism is that NLRP3 transcriptional expression must be dependent on the NF-κ B transcription factor. Sirt1 (type III histone deacetylase) regulates important cellular activities such as transcriptional silencing and DNA damage response through deacetylation. Transcription factor NF-κ B is its target protein, and Sirt1 can inhibit the expression of NLRP3 by deacetylation of NF-κ B, so as to achieve anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. Studies have confirmed that resveratrol, a natural active ingredient of polyphenols derived from grape extract, is a natural activator of Sirt1. Through the Sirt1 pathway, resveratrol shows good therapeutic prospects for inflammatory diseases. Fu Yue et al's "Resveratrol inhibits ionising irradiation-induced inflammation in MSCs by activating SIRT1 and limiting NLRP-3 inflammasome activation" In this paper, the relationship between the secretion and expression of IL-1 β levels and the radiation-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammatory protein complex in mesenchymal stem cells after exposure to gamma rays was investigated, and the mechanism of resveratrol inhibiting the radiation-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammatory protein complex was investigated.