2016年 · 第36卷第09期

Long-term low-dose ionizing radiation can cause biological changes in nervous system, hematopoietic system, ocular lens, optic nerve, gonad and immune system^[1]It can also cause genetic material damage and even cause the risk of malignant tumors^[2]。 In order to further understand the radiation damage caused by low-dose ionizing radiation to radiation workers, the chromosome aberrations of 508 radiation workers were analyzed.

In 2014, there were 18 rail transit lines in Beijing, and Capital International Airport was the largest airport in the world. In order to ensure transportation safety in public places and avoid public security incidents, X-ray luggage bag inspection system is applied to dangerous goods inspection in scenic spots, airports, railway stations, subway stations and other places. Because ionizing radiation has certain potential harm to human body, the public and staff are more concerned about it. Therefore, the radiation level of X-ray safety inspection equipment should be monitored and analyzed. In this study, the X-ray baggage inspection system used in the densely crowded public places in Beijing was selected, and the radiation level of the surrounding environment and the personal dose level of the staff were monitored from 2012 to 2014, and the safety analysis and evaluation were carried out, which reduced the safety concerns of the public and staff during contact and use.

China's "Measures for the Administration of Occupational Health of Radiation Workers" clearly stipulates that radiation workers should hold the "Radiation Worker Certificate". Before radiation workers take up their posts, radiation work units are responsible for applying to the health administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level^[1]。 Because the materials required to apply for the Radiology Worker Certificate (hereinafter referred to as "certification") include education and training, occupational health monitoring and personal dose monitoring, the certification situation reflects the management level of radiology workers in medical institutions to a certain extent. Guangzhou is a first-tier city in China, with a high level of economic development and a large number of radiation workers. Entrusted by the higher-level health administrative department, the center is responsible for applying certificates for medical institutions under Guangzhou and below. Since the start of this work in 2011, thousands of radiation workers have been issued for certificates. In order to understand the handling of radiation worker certificates in medical institutions in this city and the problems existing in management, this study is specially conducted.

Personal dose monitoring is an important part of occupational health management of radiation workers, an important technical means to ensure occupational health of radiation workers, and an important basis for diagnosing occupational radiation diseases^[1]。 In order to further implement the relevant provisions of the Measures for the Administration of Occupational Health of Radiation Workers, standardize the personal dose monitoring of occupational external exposure of radiation workers nationwide, and improve the personal dose monitoring ability and level of radiation health technical service institutions^[2]The Institute of Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Medicine of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (hereinafter referred to as the organizational unit) organized the assessment of the dose monitoring ability of individuals exposed to foreign irradiation in 2015.

Individual dose monitoring of external exposure is an important part of health management of radiation workers. By accurately monitoring the external exposure dose of radiation workers, it is helpful to evaluate the safety of radiation workplace, and provide dose basis for the health status of radiation workers, diagnosis and treatment of radiation sickness. According to China's laws, regulations and documents, ionizing radiation technical practitioners, including radiation diagnostic and treatment workers, must undergo routine personal dose monitoring^[1]。 In this study, the results of personal dose monitoring of external exposure of some radiation workers in Shanghai during the five years from 2010 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed, which provided a reference for correctly evaluating the exposure dose of radiation workers and formulating radiation protection management measures.