2016年 · 第25卷第10期

Rectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of digestive tract, and its incidence is increasing year by year^[1]。 Preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy not only improved the rate of anal preservation, reduced the local recurrence rate and prolonged the survival of patients^[2]。 MRI is an important imaging method for preoperative staging of rectal cancer at present. DWMRI is one of the functional imaging techniques, which can indirectly reflect the pathological changes of substances at the microscopic level. Studies have shown that conventional MR sequence combined with DWMRI can significantly improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis of rectal cancer^[3]。

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignant tumor in children and adolescents. It is characterized by strong aggressiveness, poor predictability, and high mortality and disability rate^[1,2]。 Radiation is one of the main methods of osteosarcoma treatment at present, which can effectively treat metastatic bone pain and those with recurrent bone pain, who are not suitable for surgery or refuse surgery. However, radiation resistance is the main bottleneck of radiation, and how to improve radiosensitivity is the main problem in the treatment of osteosarcoma. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules, which play an important role in regulating cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis^[3]。 Related studies have shown that miRNAs can also inhibit the activation of signal transduction pathways related to target genes, increase the apoptosis rate and reduce tumor radiation resistance, and have the potential to become a new target to target and improve the radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma.

It is reported that miRNAs are closely related to the radiotherapy sensitivity of tumor cells. Regulating the expression of related miRNAs and enhancing the radiotherapy sensitivity of tumor cells has important clinical significance to improve the radiotherapy effect^[1]。 The expression level of miR-378 was reported to be significantly higher in radiotherapy-sensitive cervical cancer tissues than in radiotherapy-resistant cervical cancer tissues, but its effect is still unclear. This study focuses on its effect on radiotherapy sensitivity of cervical cancer.