Volume 100  ·   Issue 05  ·  1987

Periodontal disease is frequently seen in clinics. To treat this disease there are various operative procedures. Among them the utilization of biograft is the most noticeable. However, the application of human embryo cartilage grafts has so far not been reported in the literature. We have used these grafts in 34 cases (73 teeth). The results are reported.

A polyvalent protein-polysaccharide vaccine prepared from ethanol extracts of 6 strains of dysentery bacilli was given intravenously to rabbits and orally to human volunteers. The immune response in rabbits was manifested by seroconversion while in human volunteers coproantibodies appeared. The vaccine preventive effects were further confirmed by field trials in 4 endemic areas over a period of 4 years.

A total number of 1,302 patients with carcinoma of the nasopharynx were initially treated by radiotherapy at this hospital in 1974. All patients were histologically confirmed and had been followed up for 10 years. The overall 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rates were 89.86%, 60.60%, 47% and 33.03%, respectively. At the end of the radiotherapy course, the residuallesion accounted for 10.52% in the nasopharynx and 17.27% in the cervical lymph node. Recourrence rates of primary nasopharyngeal and metastatic cervical lesions were 18.43%, and 16.12% within 10 years after the initial treatment. The survival rate of the patients with a second course of radiotherapy was 15.04%, higher than that of those not retreated (4.9%, p<0.01). Because of their high 5-and 10-year survival rates (22.2% and 11.1%), the results in cases with involvement of the last 4 cranial nerves were as poor as in those with the base of the skull affected in combination with involvement of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th cranial nerves. We therefore suggest that these 2 conditions be classified as T4 in the TNM classification (Guangzhou). Data of this group also reveal that there was no difference in prognosis between the 2 sexes and between different age groups, and that the present pathological classification could not reflect the prognosis. Increase of dosage or combination with chemotherapy did not improve the prognosis.

Pretreatment is one of the methods to prolong organ allograft survival. In this study, Concanavalin A (Con A) was used to pretreat grafts and massive doses of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone were used to pretreat donors. The duration of survival after graft pretreatment was significantly longer than that of the grafts without treatment. Light and electron microscopic radioautography, fluorescein labeling method and immunoenzyme technique were used to locate Con A, which was :shown to coat the graft cell membrane. Complement dependent cytotoxicity test and second ahtibody labeled with fluorescein technique were used to study the mechanism of Con A which was employed in pretreatment for organ transplantation. It seems reasonable to speculate that Con A could mask the immunogenicity of graft cell antigens by coating the cell membranes and interfering with the perception of the graft antigens by the immune lymphocytes or by the antibodies.

Normal values of Hb, RBC count, serum ferritin, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) and FEP/Hb ratio and their diagnostic criteria in iron deficiency were obtained in 296 children aged 4.5 months to 7 years who were supplied with adequate folic acid and iron. Evaluating the status of iron nutrition of 398 children aged 1.5 months to 7 years before iron supplement, with the criteria mentioned above, we found 119 cases (29.9%) of total iron deficiency and only 28 cases (7.0%) of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Most of the IDA patients deficiency was rare under the age of 3 months. The morbidity rates of total iron deficiency and IDA were highest at 6 months and 1 year, respectively. The results suggest that much more attention should be paid to infants after 3 months of age, especially the 6-month to 2-year age group to prevent and treat iron deficiency.

Demonstration of viral IgM antibodies was conducted in sera from 58 patients of hemorrhagic fever wtih renal syndrome (HFRS) by anti-µ coated solid phase IgM ELISA technique. The results showed that the IgM antibodies to HFRS virus (HFRSV) would be detected by day 5 after onset of illness and that the antibody titers revealed a peak by day 10, with the highest titer of l0-6. The rate of HFRSV IgM-positive sera was 87.5% by day 5, 100% by day 10, and then reduced rapidly with the patients' recovery. The data also indicate that the HFRSV IgM ELISA eliminated the false positive reactions induced by the rheumatoid factor. The technique was proven not only sensitive and specific, but also simple and rapid, thus being satisfactory for an early diagnosis of HFRS.

80 cases of Rh D and 50 cases of Rh E hemolytic diseases in newborn (HDN) were analyzed clinically. The incidence of Rh D in total Rh HDN was 52.5% and Rh E 34.4%. Therefore, Rh E HDN is not a very rare disease in China. Comparison of the clinical characteristics of Rh E and Rh D HDN showed that the former was milder than the latter. As the Rh blood group of the mother of Rh E HDN is usually positive, correct and timely diagnosis of the disease is difficult. The authors emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of Rh E HDN, and suggest that prevention of Rh HDN in China should include both Rh D and Rh E.

This paper reports 21 cases of large intra-cranial aneurysms (7 intracavernous carotid aneurysm, 5 MCA aneurysm, 3 supraclinoid ICA aneurysm, 3 ACoA aneurysm, 1 each of carotid ophthalmic aneurysm, ACA aneurysm and PCA ancurysm). 18 cases received surgical treatment: acute or chronic occlusion with or without EIAB was performed in 7 cases, neck clipping with excision of the aneurysm in 5, neck clipping only in 2, excision of ancurysm with end-to-end anastomosis of the MCA in 1, trapping with excision of aneurysm in 1, and opening of the aneurysm with removal of thrombus and packing with copper wire and gelfoam in 2. No operative death occurred. 2 cases developed hemiplegia due to acute occlusion of ICA after operation. 16 cases were cured. Follow-up (one month to 2 years) of 14 cases revealed that 1 of 2 untreated patients died, and 1 remained the same as before. 11 of the 12 surgically treated were in excellent or good condition. The incidence, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of this disease are discussed.

Of 25 cases of proliferative cystitis, 20 are associated with tumors, 7 of which are papillomas. 6 cases are transitional cell carcinoma, malignant changes of the Brunn's nests arc found in 4. 2 cases are adenomas of intestinal type. 2 cases are adeno-carcinomas, found among 9 cases of intestinal type mucoid metaplasia. Of these, 1 has developed from colonic type glands and the other from in testinal type anaplastic adenoma. 3 cases were mixed type. It is suggested that atypical proliferation of Von Brunn's nest cells and glandular lesion should be looked for before diagnosis of proliferative cystitis precancerous change is made. Proliferative cystitis clinical symtoms and signs are similar to those of bladder tumors, and differential diagnosis must be done histopathologically. Follow-up of cases of proliferative cystitis with biopsy is beneficial to early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of tumors of the bladder.

Five hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) against adenoviruses were obtained. One of them was group specific, 2 specific for adenovirus type 3 (Adeno-3), and 2 specific for Adeno-7. Tests showed that the McAb possessed extremely high specificity. We tried to examine adenovirus antigens in clinical smears of 37 cases. Results were satisfactory. McAb may be used in the diagnosis of specific types of adenovirus infection.