2021年 · 第37卷第12期

essential tremor (ET), also known as essential tremor, is the most common movement disorder. Its main clinical manifestation is 4-12 Hz action tremor of both upper limbs, with or without head, orofacial, voice or lower limb tremor^[1,2]。 The pathogenesis of ET is not fully understood, and the rhythmic oscillation of the cortical-pons-cerebellar-thalamic-cortical circuit is the main pathophysiological mechanism of ET^[3]。 At present, the treatment methods of ET mainly include drug therapy (oral drugs and botulinum toxin A injection), surgery, rehabilitation, etc. About 1/3 of ET patients have poor response to drug therapy^[1]。 The surgical treatment of ET includes: deep brain stimulation (DBS), stereotactic thalamic destruction, and MRI-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) destruction. After 1987, DBS has been used in the surgical treatment of ET for more than 30 years, and has become the first choice for drug-refractory ET^[4]。 DBS, while improving tremor, significantly improves patients' quality of life and ability to live daily. At present, many centers in China have carried out DBS treatment for patients with drug-refractory ET, but there is a lack of targeted guidelines or consensus. In order to further standardize the indications and procedures of applying DBS to treat ET in China, strengthen the close cooperation between neurology and surgery, and improve the level of diagnosis and treatment, experts in related fields have formulated this consensus after full discussion.

traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly severe TBI [Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≤8], is the cause of children (<18) one of the most common causes of disability and death^[1]。 Because the anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of children's nervous system are different from those of adults, the clinical characteristics and treatment strategies of TBI are also different from those of adults^[2]。 At present, most of the research subjects related to TBI in China are adults, and there is still no guideline and expert consensus on TBI in children. In order to better treat children with severe TBI, improve the overall treatment level of children with TBI in China, and standardize the treatment of children with TBI, experts from the Craniocerebral Trauma Professional Group of Neurosurgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Neurological Injury Professional Group of Traumatology Branch of Chinese Medical Association summarized clinical experience according to the existing clinical evidence, and jointly discussed and wrote the Chinese Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Craniocerebral Trauma in Children (hereinafter referred to as the Consensus), in order to improve the cure rate of children with TBI and reduce the mortality and disability rate.