2015年 · 第51卷第12期

The child was a female, 8 years old. Because of poor vision in his right eye, he went to the Department of Ophthalmology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Eye examination: naked eye vision is manual in front of the eye in the right eye and 1.0 in the left eye; The anterior segment of both eyes was normal. A red tumor body, about 2.5 PD in diameter, can be seen in the middle periphery of the upper temporal of the right fundus, which is connected to the thick and tortuous retinal blood vessels, and the retina around the tumor body is scattered with yellow-white exudation; The organic membrane of the vitreous body from the superior temporal of the optic papilla to the tumor body occludes the macular area (Quintessence Picture 1）。 FFA examination: the tumor body is rapidly filled with fluorescence in the arterial phase, and laminar flow can be seen in the vein connected to it; In the arteriovenous phase, the tumor body and the arteries and veins connected to it were completely filled; Tumor fluorescence continues to enhance and leak in middle and late stages, and extensive retinal hyperfluorescence can be seen (Quintessence Picture 2）。 No abnormalities were observed in the fundus of the left eye. Clinical diagnosis: Von Hippel's disease in the right eye.

The patient was a 44-year-old male. He went to Tianjin Eye Hospital because of visual acuity decrease in his left eye and visual object deformation for one and a half months. Eye examination: the visual acuity of the left eye is 0.4, which cannot be corrected; There was no obvious abnormality in the examination of the anterior segment of the left eye; For fundus examination, seeA in 1 of Quintessence Pictures。 The left eye OCT examination was performed using the American Optovue RTVue XR100-2 OCT instrument, as shown inB of 1 in Quintessence Picture。 Ultrasonography of the left eye with MD-2300 A/B ultrasound apparatus revealed a moderately echoic protuberance of the macular retina with a rough surface. Clinical diagnosis: Vitreomacular traction syndrome in the left eye.

optic neuritis (ON) generally refers to various inflammatory reaction lesions involving the optic nerve. It is the blinding optic nerve disease most vulnerable to young and middle-aged people. In the 2014 expert consensus ON the diagnosis and treatment of ON proposed by the Neuroophthalmology Group of the Ophthalmology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, ON was classified into idiopathic ON, infectious and infection-related ON, autoimmune optic neuropathy and other unclassified ON.^[1]。 The most common of these is idiopathic ON, also known as demyelinating ON. Classification of demyelinating ON: (1) idiopathic demyelinating ON (IDON), also known as classical multiple sclerosis-related ON (MS-ON); (2) neuromyelitis optica-related optic neuritis (NMO-ON); (3) Other central nervous system demyelinating diseases associated ON. A large number of literatures have confirmed that compared with Caucasians, the incidence of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) in Asians is much higher than that of multiple sclerosis (MS). Similarly, the incidence of NMO-ON was also higher than that of MS-ON.

Bloody tears are symptoms of bloody tears coming out of the eyes^[1,2]。 It is not uncommon in clinical work, but because the amount of blood and tears shed by most patients is not large and the color is light, it is often not taken seriously. There are many causes of blood and tears, and the symptoms of blood and tears caused by different causes are also very different. Most patients show blood in tears, and only a few patients show blood. In recent years, reports on blood and tears have increased gradually at home and abroad^[1,2,3]However, due to the complex and diverse causes of blood and tears, the pathogenesis is still unclear, and the diagnosis and treatment are difficult, which often causes trouble for clinicians. It is helpful to understand the etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment of blood tears in clinical diagnosis and treatment and further research.